test: Add load testing framework

CLAUDE.md

@@ -19,6 +19,53 @@ uv run pytest --cov
 uv run pytest -m "not integration"
 ```
 
+### Load Testing
+```bash
+# Run benchmark with default settings (10 workers, 30 seconds)
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark
+
+# Quick test with custom concurrency and duration
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark --concurrency 20 --duration 60
+
+# Extended load test (50 workers for 5 minutes)
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 50 -d 300
+
+# Export results to JSON for analysis
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 20 -d 60 --output results.json
+
+# Test OAuth server on port 8001
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark --url http://127.0.0.1:8001/mcp
+
+# Verbose mode with detailed logging
+uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 10 -d 30 --verbose
+```
+
+**Load Testing Features:**
+- **Mixed workload** simulating realistic MCP usage (40% reads, 20% writes, 15% search, 25% other operations)
+- **Real-time progress** bar with live RPS and error counts
+- **Detailed metrics**:
+  - Throughput (requests/second)
+  - Latency percentiles (p50, p90, p95, p99)
+  - Per-operation breakdown
+  - Error rates and types
+- **Automatic cleanup** of test data
+- **JSON export** for CI/CD integration
+- **Server health checks** before starting
+
+**Understanding Results:**
+- **Requests/Second (RPS)**: Higher is better. Expected baseline: 50-200 RPS for mixed workload
+- **Latency**:
+  - p50 (median): Should be <100ms for most operations
+  - p95: Should be <500ms
+  - p99: Should be <1000ms
+- **Error Rate**: Should be <1% under normal load
+
+**Common Bottlenecks:**
+1. Nextcloud backend API response times (most common)
+2. Database connection limits
+3. HTTP client connection pooling
+4. Network I/O between containers
+
 ### Code Quality
 ```bash
 # Format and lint code

tests/load/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Load testing utilities for Nextcloud MCP Server."""

tests/load/benchmark.py

@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Load testing benchmark for Nextcloud MCP Server.
+
+Usage:
+    uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark --concurrency 10 --duration 30
+    uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 50 -d 300 --output results.json
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import signal
+import statistics
+import sys
+import time
+from collections import Counter
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from typing import Any
+
+import click
+from mcp import ClientSession
+from mcp.client.streamable_http import streamablehttp_client
+
+from tests.load.workloads import MixedWorkload, OperationResult, WorkloadOperations
+
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.WARNING, format="%(levelname)s [%(asctime)s] %(name)s - %(message)s"
+)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class BenchmarkMetrics:
+    """Collect and analyze benchmark metrics."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.results: list[OperationResult] = []
+        self.start_time: float | None = None
+        self.end_time: float | None = None
+        self._operation_counts: Counter = Counter()
+        self._operation_errors: Counter = Counter()
+
+    def add_result(self, result: OperationResult):
+        """Add a single operation result."""
+        self.results.append(result)
+        self._operation_counts[result.operation] += 1
+        if not result.success:
+            self._operation_errors[result.operation] += 1
+
+    def start(self):
+        """Mark the start of the benchmark."""
+        self.start_time = time.time()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """Mark the end of the benchmark."""
+        self.end_time = time.time()
+
+    @property
+    def duration(self) -> float:
+        """Total benchmark duration in seconds."""
+        if self.start_time is None or self.end_time is None:
+            return 0.0
+        return self.end_time - self.start_time
+
+    @property
+    def total_requests(self) -> int:
+        """Total number of requests made."""
+        return len(self.results)
+
+    @property
+    def successful_requests(self) -> int:
+        """Number of successful requests."""
+        return sum(1 for r in self.results if r.success)
+
+    @property
+    def failed_requests(self) -> int:
+        """Number of failed requests."""
+        return sum(1 for r in self.results if not r.success)
+
+    @property
+    def error_rate(self) -> float:
+        """Error rate as a percentage."""
+        if self.total_requests == 0:
+            return 0.0
+        return (self.failed_requests / self.total_requests) * 100
+
+    @property
+    def requests_per_second(self) -> float:
+        """Average requests per second."""
+        if self.duration == 0:
+            return 0.0
+        return self.total_requests / self.duration
+
+    def latency_stats(self) -> dict[str, float]:
+        """Calculate latency statistics."""
+        if not self.results:
+            return {
+                "min": 0.0,
+                "max": 0.0,
+                "mean": 0.0,
+                "median": 0.0,
+                "p90": 0.0,
+                "p95": 0.0,
+                "p99": 0.0,
+            }
+
+        durations = [r.duration for r in self.results]
+        sorted_durations = sorted(durations)
+
+        def percentile(data: list[float], p: float) -> float:
+            k = (len(data) - 1) * p
+            f = int(k)
+            c = f + 1
+            if c >= len(data):
+                return data[-1]
+            return data[f] + (k - f) * (data[c] - data[f])
+
+        return {
+            "min": min(durations),
+            "max": max(durations),
+            "mean": statistics.mean(durations),
+            "median": statistics.median(durations),
+            "p90": percentile(sorted_durations, 0.90),
+            "p95": percentile(sorted_durations, 0.95),
+            "p99": percentile(sorted_durations, 0.99),
+        }
+
+    def operation_breakdown(self) -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get per-operation statistics."""
+        breakdown = {}
+        for op_name in self._operation_counts:
+            op_results = [r for r in self.results if r.operation == op_name]
+            op_durations = [r.duration for r in op_results if r.success]
+
+            if op_durations:
+                sorted_durations = sorted(op_durations)
+                p50 = statistics.median(sorted_durations)
+                p95_idx = int(len(sorted_durations) * 0.95)
+                p95 = sorted_durations[min(p95_idx, len(sorted_durations) - 1)]
+            else:
+                p50 = p95 = 0.0
+
+            breakdown[op_name] = {
+                "count": self._operation_counts[op_name],
+                "errors": self._operation_errors[op_name],
+                "success_rate": (
+                    (self._operation_counts[op_name] - self._operation_errors[op_name])
+                    / self._operation_counts[op_name]
+                    * 100
+                ),
+                "p50_latency": p50,
+                "p95_latency": p95,
+            }
+
+        return breakdown
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert metrics to dictionary for JSON export."""
+        return {
+            "summary": {
+                "duration": self.duration,
+                "total_requests": self.total_requests,
+                "successful_requests": self.successful_requests,
+                "failed_requests": self.failed_requests,
+                "error_rate": self.error_rate,
+                "requests_per_second": self.requests_per_second,
+            },
+            "latency": self.latency_stats(),
+            "operations": self.operation_breakdown(),
+        }
+
+    def print_report(self):
+        """Print human-readable benchmark report."""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 80)
+        print("BENCHMARK RESULTS")
+        print("=" * 80)
+
+        print(f"\nDuration: {self.duration:.2f}s")
+        print(f"Total Requests: {self.total_requests}")
+        print(f"Successful: {self.successful_requests}")
+        print(f"Failed: {self.failed_requests}")
+        print(f"Error Rate: {self.error_rate:.2f}%")
+        print(f"Requests/Second: {self.requests_per_second:.2f}")
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print("LATENCY (seconds)")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        latency = self.latency_stats()
+        print(f"Min:    {latency['min']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"Mean:   {latency['mean']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"Median: {latency['median']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"P90:    {latency['p90']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"P95:    {latency['p95']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"P99:    {latency['p99']:.4f}s")
+        print(f"Max:    {latency['max']:.4f}s")
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print("OPERATION BREAKDOWN")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(
+            f"{'Operation':<25} {'Count':>8} {'Errors':>8} {'Success':>9} {'P50':>10} {'P95':>10}"
+        )
+        print("-" * 80)
+
+        breakdown = self.operation_breakdown()
+        for op_name, stats in sorted(breakdown.items()):
+            print(
+                f"{op_name:<25} {stats['count']:>8} {stats['errors']:>8} "
+                f"{stats['success_rate']:>8.1f}% {stats['p50_latency']:>9.4f}s {stats['p95_latency']:>9.4f}s"
+            )
+
+        print("=" * 80 + "\n")
+
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def create_mcp_session(url: str):
+    """Create an MCP client session with proper cleanup."""
+    logger.info(f"Creating MCP client session for {url}")
+    streamable_context = streamablehttp_client(url)
+    session_context = None
+
+    try:
+        read_stream, write_stream, _ = await streamable_context.__aenter__()
+        session_context = ClientSession(read_stream, write_stream)
+        session = await session_context.__aenter__()
+        await session.initialize()
+        logger.info("MCP client session initialized")
+        yield session
+    finally:
+        if session_context is not None:
+            try:
+                await session_context.__aexit__(None, None, None)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.debug(f"Error closing session: {e}")
+
+        try:
+            await streamable_context.__aexit__(None, None, None)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(f"Error closing streamable context: {e}")
+
+
+async def wait_for_mcp_server(url: str, max_attempts: int = 10) -> bool:
+    """Wait for MCP server to be ready."""
+    logger.info(f"Waiting for MCP server at {url}...")
+
+    for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1):
+        try:
+            async with create_mcp_session(url) as session:
+                # Try to get capabilities
+                await session.read_resource("nc://capabilities")
+                logger.info("MCP server is ready")
+                return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            if attempt < max_attempts:
+                logger.debug(f"Attempt {attempt}/{max_attempts}: {e}")
+                await asyncio.sleep(2)
+            else:
+                logger.error(f"MCP server not ready after {max_attempts} attempts")
+                return False
+
+    return False
+
+
+async def benchmark_worker(
+    worker_id: int,
+    url: str,
+    duration: float,
+    metrics: BenchmarkMetrics,
+    stop_event: asyncio.Event,
+):
+    """Single worker that runs operations for the specified duration."""
+    logger.info(f"Worker {worker_id} starting...")
+
+    try:
+        async with create_mcp_session(url) as session:
+            ops = WorkloadOperations(session)
+            workload = MixedWorkload(ops)
+
+            # Warmup
+            await workload.warmup(count=5)
+
+            # Run operations until duration expires or stop event is set
+            start_time = time.time()
+            operation_count = 0
+
+            while not stop_event.is_set():
+                if time.time() - start_time >= duration:
+                    break
+
+                result = await workload.run_operation()
+                metrics.add_result(result)
+                operation_count += 1
+
+                # Small delay to prevent overwhelming the server
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
+
+            # Cleanup
+            await ops.cleanup()
+
+            logger.info(f"Worker {worker_id} completed {operation_count} operations")
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Worker {worker_id} error: {e}", exc_info=True)
+
+
+async def run_benchmark(
+    url: str,
+    concurrency: int,
+    duration: float,
+    warmup: float = 5.0,
+) -> BenchmarkMetrics:
+    """Run the benchmark with specified parameters."""
+    metrics = BenchmarkMetrics()
+    stop_event = asyncio.Event()
+
+    # Setup signal handlers for graceful shutdown
+    def signal_handler(sig, frame):
+        logger.warning("Received interrupt signal, stopping benchmark...")
+        stop_event.set()
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, signal_handler)
+
+    print(
+        f"\nStarting benchmark with {concurrency} concurrent workers for {duration}s..."
+    )
+    print(f"Target: {url}")
+    print(f"Warmup period: {warmup}s\n")
+
+    # Warmup period
+    if warmup > 0:
+        print("Warming up...")
+        await asyncio.sleep(warmup)
+
+    # Start metrics collection
+    metrics.start()
+
+    # Create and run workers
+    workers = [
+        benchmark_worker(i, url, duration, metrics, stop_event)
+        for i in range(concurrency)
+    ]
+
+    # Show progress
+    progress_task = asyncio.create_task(show_progress(duration, metrics, stop_event))
+
+    # Wait for all workers to complete
+    await asyncio.gather(*workers, return_exceptions=True)
+
+    # Stop metrics and progress
+    metrics.stop()
+    stop_event.set()
+    await progress_task
+
+    return metrics
+
+
+async def show_progress(
+    duration: float,
+    metrics: BenchmarkMetrics,
+    stop_event: asyncio.Event,
+):
+    """Show real-time progress during benchmark."""
+    start_time = time.time()
+
+    while not stop_event.is_set():
+        elapsed = time.time() - start_time
+        if elapsed >= duration:
+            break
+
+        # Calculate progress
+        progress = min(elapsed / duration * 100, 100)
+        rps = metrics.total_requests / max(elapsed, 0.1)
+
+        # Print progress bar
+        bar_length = 40
+        filled = int(bar_length * progress / 100)
+        bar = "█" * filled + "░" * (bar_length - filled)
+
+        print(
+            f"\r[{bar}] {progress:5.1f}% | "
+            f"Requests: {metrics.total_requests:6d} | "
+            f"RPS: {rps:6.1f} | "
+            f"Errors: {metrics.failed_requests:4d}",
+            end="",
+            flush=True,
+        )
+
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+
+    print()  # New line after progress
+
+
+@click.command()
+@click.option(
+    "--concurrency",
+    "-c",
+    type=int,
+    default=10,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Number of concurrent workers",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--duration",
+    "-d",
+    type=float,
+    default=30.0,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Test duration in seconds",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--warmup",
+    "-w",
+    type=float,
+    default=5.0,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Warmup duration before collecting metrics (seconds)",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--url",
+    "-u",
+    default="http://127.0.0.1:8000/mcp",
+    show_default=True,
+    help="MCP server URL",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--output",
+    "-o",
+    type=click.Path(),
+    help="Output file for JSON results (optional)",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--wait-for-server/--no-wait",
+    default=True,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Wait for MCP server to be ready before starting",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--verbose",
+    "-v",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Enable verbose logging",
+)
+def main(
+    concurrency: int,
+    duration: float,
+    warmup: float,
+    url: str,
+    output: str | None,
+    wait_for_server: bool,
+    verbose: bool,
+):
+    """
+    Load testing benchmark for Nextcloud MCP Server.
+
+    Runs a mixed workload of realistic MCP operations against the server
+    and reports detailed performance metrics.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        # Quick 30-second test with 10 workers
+        uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark --concurrency 10 --duration 30
+
+        # Extended test with 50 workers for 5 minutes
+        uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 50 -d 300
+
+        # Export results to JSON
+        uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark -c 20 -d 60 --output results.json
+
+        # Test OAuth server on port 8001
+        uv run python -m tests.load.benchmark --url http://127.0.0.1:8001/mcp
+    """
+    if verbose:
+        logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+        logging.getLogger("tests.load").setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+    async def run():
+        # Wait for server if requested
+        if wait_for_server:
+            if not await wait_for_mcp_server(url):
+                print("ERROR: MCP server is not ready", file=sys.stderr)
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+        # Run benchmark
+        metrics = await run_benchmark(url, concurrency, duration, warmup)
+
+        # Print report
+        metrics.print_report()
+
+        # Export to JSON if requested
+        if output:
+            with open(output, "w") as f:
+                json.dump(metrics.to_dict(), f, indent=2)
+            print(f"Results exported to: {output}")
+
+    try:
+        asyncio.run(run())
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\nBenchmark interrupted by user")
+        sys.exit(130)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"ERROR: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        if verbose:
+            raise
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

tests/load/workloads.py

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+"""
+Workload definitions for load testing the MCP server.
+
+Defines realistic operation mixes and individual operation functions.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import random
+import time
+import uuid
+
+from mcp import ClientSession
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class OperationResult:
+    """Result of a single operation execution."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        operation: str,
+        success: bool,
+        duration: float,
+        error: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.operation = operation
+        self.success = success
+        self.duration = duration
+        self.error = error
+        self.timestamp = time.time()
+
+
+class WorkloadOperations:
+    """Collection of MCP operations for load testing."""
+
+    def __init__(self, session: ClientSession):
+        self.session = session
+        self._created_notes: list[int] = []
+        self._created_boards: list[int] = []
+
+    async def get_capabilities(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """Fetch server capabilities (lightweight operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.read_resource("nc://capabilities")
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("get_capabilities", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("get_capabilities", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def list_notes(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """List all notes (read operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_notes_search_notes", {"query": ""})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_notes", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_notes", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def search_notes(self, query: str = "test") -> OperationResult:
+        """Search notes by query (read operation with filtering)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_notes_search_notes", {"query": query})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("search_notes", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("search_notes", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def create_note(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """Create a new note (write operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        unique_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]
+        try:
+            result = await self.session.call_tool(
+                "nc_notes_create_note",
+                {
+                    "title": f"Load Test Note {unique_id}",
+                    "content": f"Content for load test note {unique_id}",
+                    "category": "LoadTesting",
+                },
+            )
+            duration = time.time() - start
+
+            # Track created note ID for cleanup
+            if result and len(result.content) > 0:
+                content = result.content[0]
+                if hasattr(content, "text"):
+                    import json
+
+                    note_data = json.loads(content.text)
+                    note_id = note_data.get("id")
+                    if note_id:
+                        self._created_notes.append(note_id)
+
+            return OperationResult("create_note", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("create_note", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def get_note(self, note_id: int) -> OperationResult:
+        """Get a specific note by ID (read operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_notes_get_note", {"note_id": note_id})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("get_note", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("get_note", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def update_note(self, note_id: int, etag: str) -> OperationResult:
+        """Update an existing note (write operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool(
+                "nc_notes_update_note",
+                {
+                    "note_id": note_id,
+                    "etag": etag,
+                    "title": f"Updated Note {note_id}",
+                    "content": f"Updated content at {time.time()}",
+                    "category": "LoadTesting",
+                },
+            )
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("update_note", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("update_note", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def delete_note(self, note_id: int) -> OperationResult:
+        """Delete a note (write operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_notes_delete_note", {"note_id": note_id})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            # Remove from tracking
+            if note_id in self._created_notes:
+                self._created_notes.remove(note_id)
+            return OperationResult("delete_note", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("delete_note", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def list_webdav_files(self, path: str = "/") -> OperationResult:
+        """List files via WebDAV (read operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_webdav_list", {"path": path})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_webdav_files", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_webdav_files", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def list_calendars(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """List calendars (read operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_calendar_list_calendars", {})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_calendars", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_calendars", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def list_deck_boards(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """List deck boards (read operation)."""
+        start = time.time()
+        try:
+            await self.session.call_tool("nc_deck_list_boards", {})
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_deck_boards", True, duration)
+        except Exception as e:
+            duration = time.time() - start
+            return OperationResult("list_deck_boards", False, duration, str(e))
+
+    async def cleanup(self):
+        """Clean up any resources created during testing."""
+        logger.info(f"Cleaning up {len(self._created_notes)} test notes...")
+        for note_id in self._created_notes[:]:
+            try:
+                await self.delete_note(note_id)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to delete note {note_id}: {e}")
+
+
+class MixedWorkload:
+    """
+    Realistic mixed workload simulating typical MCP server usage.
+
+    Operation distribution:
+    - 40% Notes read (list/get/search)
+    - 20% Notes write (create/update/delete)
+    - 15% Notes search
+    - 10% WebDAV operations
+    - 10% Calendar operations
+    - 5% Other (capabilities, deck)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, operations: WorkloadOperations):
+        self.ops = operations
+        # Pre-create some notes for read/update operations
+        self._warmup_note_ids: list[tuple[int, str]] = []
+
+    async def warmup(self, count: int = 10):
+        """Create initial notes for read/update operations."""
+        logger.info(f"Warming up with {count} test notes...")
+        for _ in range(count):
+            result = await self.ops.create_note()
+            if result.success and self.ops._created_notes:
+                note_id = self.ops._created_notes[-1]
+                # Get the note to fetch its etag
+                try:
+                    get_result = await self.ops.session.call_tool(
+                        "nc_notes_get_note", {"note_id": note_id}
+                    )
+                    if get_result and len(get_result.content) > 0:
+                        import json
+
+                        note_data = json.loads(get_result.content[0].text)
+                        etag = note_data.get("etag", "")
+                        self._warmup_note_ids.append((note_id, etag))
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to get etag for note {note_id}: {e}")
+
+    async def run_operation(self) -> OperationResult:
+        """Execute one random operation based on the workload distribution."""
+        rand = random.random()
+
+        # 40% reads (list/get/search)
+        if rand < 0.40:
+            op_rand = random.random()
+            if op_rand < 0.5:
+                return await self.ops.list_notes()
+            elif op_rand < 0.8 and self._warmup_note_ids:
+                note_id, _ = random.choice(self._warmup_note_ids)
+                return await self.ops.get_note(note_id)
+            else:
+                return await self.ops.search_notes()
+
+        # 20% writes (create/update/delete)
+        elif rand < 0.60:
+            op_rand = random.random()
+            if op_rand < 0.5:
+                return await self.ops.create_note()
+            elif op_rand < 0.8 and self._warmup_note_ids:
+                note_id, etag = random.choice(self._warmup_note_ids)
+                return await self.ops.update_note(note_id, etag)
+            elif self.ops._created_notes and len(self.ops._created_notes) > 5:
+                # Only delete if we have enough notes
+                note_id = random.choice(self.ops._created_notes)
+                return await self.ops.delete_note(note_id)
+            else:
+                return await self.ops.create_note()
+
+        # 15% search
+        elif rand < 0.75:
+            queries = ["test", "load", "note", "content", ""]
+            return await self.ops.search_notes(random.choice(queries))
+
+        # 10% WebDAV
+        elif rand < 0.85:
+            return await self.ops.list_webdav_files()
+
+        # 10% Calendar
+        elif rand < 0.95:
+            return await self.ops.list_calendars()
+
+        # 5% Other
+        else:
+            op_rand = random.random()
+            if op_rand < 0.5:
+                return await self.ops.get_capabilities()
+            else:
+                return await self.ops.list_deck_boards()